ALUMINUM OXIDE

INTRODUCTION

Aluminum (Aluminium) Oxide [Al2O3 ] , that is commonly known as Alumina , is an inert , odourless, amorphous  white powder produced from Bauxite mostly through Bayer  process and has other names such as Aloxide , Aloxite  or Alundum depending on the industry use.

aluminum oxide

General specifications of Alumina can be summarized as follows:

Property

Value

Melting point

2,072 °C (3,762 °F; 2,345 K)

Boiling point

2,977 °C (5,391 °F; 3,250 K)

Hardness 

15 – 19 GPa (9 on the Mohs scale)

Electrical resistivity

1012 – 1013 Ωm

Thermal conductivity 

20 – 30 W/mK

Molecular mass

101.96 g/mol

Density

3.95 g/cm3

Application:

  • Used in producing primary aluminum
  • Filler for some plastics
  • Used in abrasives and also a lower price substitute for industrial diamonds
  • Alumina flakes as reflective in automobile paints
  • In refineries, Alumina converts hydrogen sulfide waste gases into elemental sulfur.
  • Abrasion resistance in some coatings
  • Widely used in refractories because of its high melting point
  • Often used in glass to improve the strength, producing bullet proof windows
  • So much used in engineered ceramics to increase wear resistance and thermal and chemical stability

Commercial Grades :

  1. Smelter or metallurgical grade : used in manufacturing of aluminum metal
  2. Calcined : when aluminum hydroxide heated more than 1100C , then it passes through the transition phases ,  these calcined one is used in refractories and ceramics and there are 3 type of calcined alumina :
  • Low soda
  • Medium Soda
  • Ordinary Soda
  1. Reactive : this type of alumina refers to a relatively high purity and small crystal size and utilized when exceptional strength, temperature resistance, wear resistance, ,surface finish or chemical inertness are needed.
  2. Tabular : a s recrystallized or sintered α-alumina, flat tablet-shaped crystals of corundum. Tabular alumina is especially suitable for refractory applications.
  3. Fused : The fused alumina has low porosity, high density, low permeability and high refractoriness. so, it is used in producing of refractories and abrasives .
  4. High Purity : normally  referred to  those with a purity of 99.99% and are used in manufacturing  of synthetic gem stones such as rubies and yttrium aluminum garnets for lasers, and sapphires for instrument windows and lasers.

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